People behind the ideas

Philosophers

Meet the thinkers behind the quotations. Each profile connects biography, philosophical context, source labels, and the passages published in this library.

15 philosopher hubsEnglishSource-aware
Philosopher

Marcus Aurelius

Marcus Aurelius (121-180 CE) was a Roman Emperor and Stoic philosopher whose personal writings, known as the "Meditations," have become one of the…

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Philosopher

Seneca the Younger

Lucius Annaeus Seneca (c. 4 BCE - 65 CE), better known as Seneca the Younger or simply Seneca, was a Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, dramatist…

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Philosopher

Epictetus

Epictetus (c. 50-135 CE) was a Greek Stoic philosopher whose teachings have profoundly influenced philosophical and religious thought through the…

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Philosopher

Plato

Plato (c. 428-348 BCE) was one of the most influential philosophers in Western history, whose works laid the foundation for much of Western…

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Philosopher

Aristotle

Aristotle (384-322 BCE) was a Greek philosopher and scientist who is considered one of the greatest intellectual figures in Western history. Born in…

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Philosopher

Socrates

Socrates (c. 470-399 BCE) stands as one of the most influential figures in Western philosophy, whose method of inquiry and approach to wisdom…

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Philosopher

Confucius

Confucius (551-479 BCE), known in Chinese as Kong Qiu or Kongzi ("Master Kong"), was a Chinese philosopher, educator, and political advisor whose…

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Philosopher

Lao Tzu

Lao Tzu (6th century BCE), also romanized as Laozi or Lao-Tze, is the legendary author of the "Tao Te Ching" and the foundational figure of…

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Philosopher

Friedrich Nietzsche

Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900) was a German philosopher, cultural critic, and philologist whose radical ideas about truth, morality, religion, and…

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Philosopher

Immanuel Kant

Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) was a German philosopher whose work revolutionized virtually every area of philosophy and laid the foundation for much of…

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Philosopher

Søren Kierkegaard

Søren Kierkegaard (1813-1855) was a Danish philosopher, theologian, and social critic who is widely considered the founder of existentialism. Born in…

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Philosopher

René Descartes

René Descartes (1596-1650) was a French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist who revolutionized Western philosophy and laid the foundations for…

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Philosopher

David Hume

David Hume (1711-1776) was a Scottish philosopher, historian, and essayist who became one of the most influential figures in Western philosophy…

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Philosopher

Arthur Schopenhauer

Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860) was a German philosopher who developed one of the most influential philosophical systems of the 19th century, centered…

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Philosopher

Baruch Spinoza

Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677) was a Dutch philosopher of Portuguese-Jewish origin whose radical ideas about God, nature, mind, and ethics profoundly…

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